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Longhorn

Environmental Activities

Learner’s Book

Grade 2

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Published by

Longhorn Publishers PLC

Funzi Road, Industrial Area

P.O. Box 18033-00500

Nairobi, Kenya

Tel: +254 02 6532579/81, +254 02 558551,

+254 708 282 260, +254 722 204 608

enquiries@longhornpublishers.com

www.longhornpublishers.com

Longhorn Publishers (Uganda) Ltd

Plot 4 Vubyabirenge Road,

Ntinda Stretcher

P. O. Box 24745

Kampala, Uganda

Tel: +256 414 286 093

Email: ug@longhornpublishers.com

www.longhornpublishers.com

Longhorn Publishers (Tanzania) Ltd

New Bagamoyo Road/Garden Road

Mikocheni B, Plot No. MKC/MCB/81

P.O. Box 1237

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Tel: +255 714 184 465

Email: longhorntz@longhornpublishers.com

www.longhornpublishers.com

Longhorn Publishers (Rwanda) Ltd

Remera opposite COGE Bank

P.O. Box 5910

Kigali, Rwanda

Tel: +250 784 398 098

Email: rwanda@longhornpublishers.com

retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,

mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written

permission of the copyright owner.

Edited by Jully Busolo & Maria Njoroge

First published 2024

ISBN 978-9966-64-482-4

iii

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Table of Content

1 Social Environment � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 1

Our Home

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Family Needs and Wants

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Our School

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Our National Flag

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Our Rights and Responsibilities

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Our Market

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

2 Natural Environment

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �52

Weather

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Soil

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Light

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

3 Resources in our Environment

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 71

Water

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

Plants

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Animals

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

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Our Home

Personal and common items

Personal items

Activity 1 Work in groups

1. Name the following personal items.

a. b.

c. d.

2. Do you share any of the personal items above?

3. How do you use the personal items in the pictures?

4. Name the personal items you have.

a. Personal items are things that we do not share.

b. Examples of personal items are a comb, toothbrush, face

towel, handkerchief, towel, socks, shoes and a nail cutter.

Learning points

1 Social Environment

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Activity 2 Work in pairs

Copy this table in your exercise book. Match the personal

items below with their uses.

Item Use

1. Toothbrush Keeping feet comfortable and safe.

2. Comb Cutting long nails.

3. Face towel Making hair neat.

4. Handkerchief Drying the body.

5. Socks Drying the face.

6. Towel Cleaning the teeth.

7. Nail cutter Cleaning the nose.

1. Draw and colour the following personal items.

a. b.

A towel A comb

c. d.

Socks A toothbrush

2. Display your drawings in the class learning corner.

Take Home Activity

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Sharing of personal items can lead to spread of diseases.

Remember

a. A comb is used to make hair neat.

b. A toothbrush is used to clean

teeth.

c. A face towel is used to dry the

face.

d. A handkerchief is used to clean

the nose.

e. Socks and shoes keep feet

warm and comfortable. They

also protect feet.

Learning points

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Common items

Activity 3 Work in pairs

1. Look at the pictures below.

a. b. c.

d. e. f.

2. Name the common items in the pictures.

3. Say how the items above are used at home.

4. Common items are _________ (not shared, shared).

a. Items that can be shared are known as common items.

b. Examples of common items are jugs, cups, bowls, spoons,

plates, beds, chairs, brooms and tables.

Learning points

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Activity 4 Work in pairs

1. Find the common items in the word puzzle below. Write

them in your exercise book.

P L A T E S

C I E J U G

E T C U P S

A B O W L S

U E R M U A

T B R O O M

S P O O N S

2. Draw the items shown below in your exercise book.

Broom

Cup

Chair

Table

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Activity 5 Work in pairs

1. Match each common item with its use. Write in your exercise

book.

Item Use

Broom To eat, stir and serve food.

Plate To sweep.

Spoon

To hold and drink water, coffee and tea.

Table To hold and pour water.

Cup To provide space to eat, write and put

items.

Jug To serve food.

2. Name the common items found in your home.

3. How do you use common items at home?

Cleaning personal items

Activity 6 Work in groups

1. Name the personal items you have.

2. How do you clean personal items?

3. Talk about these materials used to clean personal items.

a. b. c.

4. Name the personal items you clean with the materials shown

in the pictures.

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Activity 7 Work as a class

1. Watch a video on materials used to clean personal items.

2. Name the materials used to clean personal items.

3. Name the materials used to clean the following personal

items.

Handkerchief

Comb

Toothbrush

Socks

Inner wear

a. We use clean water, salt and soap to clean a

handkerchief.

b. A toothbrush is cleaned using clean water and salt.

c. We use a pointed stick, brush, water and soap to clean a

comb.

d. A face towel is cleaned using water and soap.

e. We clean socks using water and soap.

Learning points

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Cleaning a handkerchief

Activity 8 Work in groups

Follow these steps to clean a handkerchief�

Soak the handkerchief in

soapy salty water.

b. Rub the handkerchief

gently.

Rinse the handkerchief in

clean water.

Hang the handkerchief to

dry.

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a. A handkerchief is used to clean the nose.

b. We clean a handkerchief using clean water and soap.

Learning points

Cleaning a toothbrush

Activity 9 Work in groups

1. Watch a video on how to clean a toothbrush.

2. Name the materials used to clean a toothbrush.

3. Follow these steps to clean a toothbrush.

a. Put the toothbrush in

salty water.

b. Rub the brush with your

thumb to remove dirt.

c. Rinse the toothbrush in

clean water.

d. Store the toothbrush upright in a clean toothbrush

holder.

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a. A toothbrush is used to clean teeth.

b. We use clean water and salt to clean a toothbrush.

Learning points

Cleaning a comb

Activity 10 Work in groups

1. Watch a video on how to clean a comb.

2. Name these materials used to clean a comb.

a. b.

c. d.

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Activity 11 Work in groups

Follow these steps to clean a comb�

1. Use a pointed stick to

remove pieces of hair from

the comb.

2. Put the comb in a basin with

soapy water.

3. Use a brush to wash the comb.

4. Rinse the comb in clean water.

5. Dry the comb.

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a. A brush, pointed stick, soap and clean water are used to

clean a comb.

b. A pointed stick is used to remove hair and dirt from the

comb.

Learning points

Cleaning socks

Activity 12 Work in groups

1. Name materials used to clean socks.

2. Follow these steps to clean socks.

a. Put the socks in soapy

water and rub them with

your hands.

b. Rinse the socks in clean

water.

c. Hang the socks to dry.

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a. Socks are used to keep our feet warm.

b. We use water and soap to clean socks.

Learning points

Cleaning common items

Activity 13 Work in groups

1. Name the common items you have.

2. How do you clean the common items at your home?

3. Name the following cleaning materials.

c. d.

e. f.

4. What common items can you clean with the materials shown

above?

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Activity 14 Work in pairs

1. Write the items cleaned by these materials.

Sponge

Piece of cloth

Bar soap

Powdered soap

Liquid soap

2. Name three common items you clean at home.

List the materials you use to clean the common items.

a. Materials used to clean common items are basins, brushes,

clean water and soap.

b. Materials such as maize cobs, pieces of old clothes, sand

and ash are used to clean common items.

Learning points

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Sing the following song�

Clean utensils with soap and water,

Wash the cups to make them clean,

Clean the plates every day,

With a sponge, take your time.

Wash them well, wash them clean,

Rinse with water and make them clean,

Wash with ash and sisal bre,

Make them clean, all the time.

Learn with fun

Show your family members how to clean inner wear.

Take Home Activity

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Cleaning utensils

Activity 15 Work in groups

1. Look at the utensils below.

a. b.

2. Say how you would clean the utensils in the pictures.

3. Watch a video on how to clean utensils.

4. Name the following materials used to clean utensils.

a. b. c.

5. We can also use a _____ (rag, clean piece of cloth), soap

and water to clean utensils.

a. Common items at home are; cups, plates, spoons,

glasses and sufurias.

b. We clean common items using clean water and soap.

c. Sisal bre and clean pieces of cloth can also be used to

clean utensils.

Learning points

1. Tell your family members how to clean utensils.

2. Clean utensils with the help of a family member.

Take Home Activity

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Clean our home

Activity 16 Work in groups

1. Look at this picture.

2. How are people in the picture cleaning the home?

3. Say how you clean your home.

Activity 17 Work in groups

1. Copy and complete this cleaning timetable.

My Weekend Cleaning Timetable

Saturday Sunday

Cleaning utensils

Wiping chairs

Collecting litter

Sweeping

2. Read out your timetable in class.

3. Clean your home with your family members.

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Sorting waste materials

Activity 18 Work in groups

1. Look and talk about this picture.

How are the children in the picture sorting waste materials?

How are the people in the picture keeping safe while sorting

waste materials?

4. How do you sort waste materials at home?

5. Sort the waste materials in your classroom.

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Family Needs and Wants

Family needs

Activity 1 Work in pairs

1. Where do you go to worship?

2. Where do you get treated when you fall sick?

3. Name the following places where we get family needs.

a. b.

c. d.

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a. Family needs are things we must have to live.

b. Family needs are; food, shelter, clothing, health care and

education.

c. Family wants are things that we can live without.

d. Examples of family wants are cars, phones and toys.

e. We get family needs from hospitals, farms, markets, sources

of water and places of worship.

Learning points

Activity 2 Work in groups

1. Look at these pictures.

a. b.

2. Which family needs are gotten from the pictures?

2. Draw and colour three places where we get family needs.

3. Put your drawings in the class learning corner.

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1. Make a chart showing places where we get family needs.

2. Put your chart in the class learning corner.

Learn with fun

a. We get health care from the hospital.

b. We get water from rivers, wells, dams and rain.

c. We get food from plants in the farms.

d. We graze cattle in grazing places. Grazing places help

us get milk and meat from cattle.

Learning points

Activity 3 Work in groups

1. Watch a video about needs and wants.

2. Write down examples of needs mentioned in the video.

3. Name the wants mentioned in the video.

4. Write down your needs.

5. Write down your wants.

Activity 4 Work in groups

1. Tell your classmates two things that you must have.

2. What two things do you need for enjoyment?

3. Name the things you would need to use if you found yourself

in a forest.

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Activity 5 Work in groups

Say if the following items are family needs or wants.

Toys

Medicine

Food

Clothing

Home

Sweets

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Activity 6 Work in groups

1. Say the needs in the following pictures.

a. b.

c. d.

2. Which basic needs do we get from rivers, rain and wells?

3. Talk about the basic need we get from farming.

SALAMA SCHOOL

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Activity 7 Work in groups

1. Look at the following pictures of needs and wants.

a. b.

c. d.

e. f.

a. What items must you have when schools open?

b. What items can you stay without when schools open?

2. You have 100 shillings. Write a shopping list for a school

trip.

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Activity 8 Work in groups

1. Copy and complete this table in your exercise book.

My family needs and wants

a. We must have _____ (food, farms) to live.

b. We can stay without ______ for one week. (toys, food)

c. All of us must drink ______ when thirsty. (water, nothing)

d. If one of us falls sick, we must take them to the _____.

(hospital, school)

e. Sweets and chocolates are not good for our ____.

(health, home).

2. Read out your table in class.

While at home:

Help your parents or guardians to write your family shopping

list.

Take home activity

Meals and snacks

Activity 9 Work in groups

1. What did you eat for supper last night?

2. What did you eat in the morning?

3. What will you eat in the afternoon?

4. Name three snacks.

5. Copy and complete this table to show what you ate.

Time Food eaten

Morning

Afternoon

Evening

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a. The three meals of a day are breakfast, lunch and supper.

b. Breakfast is taken in the morning.

c. Lunch is taken in the afternoon.

d. Supper is taken in the evening.

e. Snacks are food items that we eat between meals.

f. Examples of snacks are chocolates, crisps, popcorns, ice

cream and groundnuts.

Learning points

Activity 10 Work in groups

1. Name the meal taken in each picture. (lunch, breakfast)

a. b.

2. Copy this table in your exercise book. List different meals

and snacks.

Meal Snack

Meat Popcorns

3. Tell your classmates other foods that can be eaten as

snacks.

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Meals are family needs while snacks are wants.

Remember

Activity 11 Work in groups

1. Pick a card showing a family need.

Food Water

Health care

Clothing

2. Name where the family need written on the card is gotten.

3. How is the family need on the card gotten at your home?

1. Make a spinning wheel like the one shown below.

Juice Books

Chocolate

Clothes

SecurityShelter

Health

care

Trips

2. Play the game of spinning the wheel.

3. If the pointer stops at a word, say if it is a family need or

a family want.

Learn with fun

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Our School

Cleaning the school

Activity 1 Work in groups

1. Look at this picture.

2. How are the learners cleaning the school?

3. Name other ways of cleaning the school.

4. How do you keep your school clean?

We clean the school by:

a. Sweeping or mopping classroom oors.

b. Wiping desks and windows.

c. Collecting rubbish in the school compound.

d. Cleaning latrines or toilets.

e. Arranging desks and books in classrooms.

f. Watering owers.

g. Cleaning the board.

Learning points

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Activity 2 Work in pairs

Say how the learners are keeping the school clean.

1. Look for pictures of cleaning the school.

2. Make a chart showing ways of cleaning the school.

3. Put your chart in the class learning corner.

Learn with fun

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Common accidents

Activity 3 Work in groups

1. Look at these pictures.

a. b.

2. Say what is happening in the pictures.

3. What has caused the accidents in the pictures?

4. Say how you can help the children in the pictures.

5. Name the accidents that happen in your school.

a. An accident is something that causes injury.

b. Accidents at school are falls, cuts, burns, choking and

suffocation.

d. Accidents can be caused by slippery oors, open pits

and sharp objects.

Learning points

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Activity 4 Outdoor activity

1. Take a walk around the school compound with the teacher.

2. Name the dangerous places and items in your school.

3. Copy this table in your exercise book. Tick () to show if

these dangerous places and items are in your school.

Dangerous places and items Present Absent

Sharp objects

Slippery oors

Fire places

Plastic bags

Open pits

Activity 5 Work in groups

1. Look at the pictures below.

a. b.

A re An open pit

2. What accidents can happen in the pictures above?

3. Say how we can prevent the accidents from happening.

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a. Never go too close to an open pit and a replace.

b. Open pits can lead to falls.

c. Fireplaces can lead to burns.

Remember

Activity 6 Work in groups

1. Talk about ways of cleaning the school.

2. Say how the learners in this picture are cleaning the school.

3. Which materials are the learners using to clean the school?

4. Clean your school.

5. Tell your family members how you clean the school.

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Activity 7 Work in groups

1. Make a timetable of cleaning your school.

Our School Cleaning Timetable

Activity Names

Mopping the classroom oor 1. Kelvin 2. Brian

3. Caroline 4. Joy

Sweeping the compound

Collecting litter

Watering owers

4. Plan a School Clean Up Day.

3. Clean the school by following the timetable.

First aid

Activity 8 Work in groups

1. What is happening in this picture?

2. How can you help your friend who has fallen?

3. Show how you can help a friend who has fallen.

4. Talk about other accidents that can happen at home or in

school.

5. How can you help people who get hurt?

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First aid is the help given to a person who is hurt.

Learning point

Activity 9 Work in groups

1. Prepare cards showing these ways of cleaning the school.

Sweep the compound.

Collect rubbish.

Wipe windows and furniture.

Throw rubbish in the dustbin.

Mop classes.

2. Pick cards in turns.

3. Read out the message on your cards to your classmates.

Recite this poem.

Keep the school clean,

By sweeping and mopping classes.

Keep the school clean,

By wiping desks and windows.

Keep the school clean,

By collecting litter and throwing it in the bin.

Always keep the school clean.

Learn with fun

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Our National Flag

Colours of the Kenya National Flag

Activity 1 Work in groups

1. Name the picture below.

2. How many colours are in the picture above?

3. Point and say the colours in the picture.

a. The national ag of Kenya has four colours.

b. Black, white, red and green are colours of the national

ag.

c. Our national ag also has a shield with two spears.

Learning points

Activity 2 Work in groups

1. Complete the names of the colours of our national ag in

your exercise book.

a. B__A__K b. GR__ __N

c. R__D d. __HIT__

2. Talk about the meaning of each colour on the Kenya

National Flag.

3. Draw and colour the Kenya National Flag.

4. Show your classmates your drawing.

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a. Black colour in the ag of Kenya represents the people

of Kenya.

b. White colour represents peace.

c. Red represents the blood that was shed during the ght

for independence.

d. Green represents our land and agriculture.

Learning points

Activity 3 Work in groups

1. Listen to the national anthem of Kenya.

2. When do we sing the national anthem?

3. Look at the pictures.

a. b.

4. From the pictures, when do we sing the national anthem?

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The events in which the Kenya national anthem is sung are:

a. During school assemblies on Mondays and Fridays.

b. On national holidays.

c. During sports events like the olympics.

Learning points

1. Make a chart of events in which the national anthem is

sung.

2. Put the chart in the class learning corner.

Learn with fun

Raising and lowering of the Kenya national ag

Activity 4 Work in groups

1. Look at this picture of raising the Kenya national ag.

2. Say how teachers and learners are showing respect for the

Kenya national ag.

3. How do you show respect to the Kenya national ag?

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Activity 5 Work in groups

1. Sing the Kenya national anthem below.

Ee Mungu nguvu yetu,

Ilete baraka kwetu,

Haki iwe ngao na mlinzi,

Na tukae na undugu,

Amani na uhuru,

Raha tupate na ustawi.

Amkeni ndugu zetu,

Tufanye sote bidii,

Nasi tujitoe kwa nguvu,

Nchi yetu ya Kenya,

Tunayoipenda,

Tuwe tayari kuilinda.

Na tujenge taifa letu,

Ee, ndio wajibu wetu,

Kenya istahili heshima,

Tuungane mikono,

Pamoja kazini,

Kila siku tuwe na shukrani.

2. How do you stand when singing the national anthem?

3. Show your classmates how to raise the national ag.

We show respect when raising or lowering the ag by,

a. Standing at attention.

b. Maintaining silence.

c. Facing the ag as we sing the national anthem.

d. Removing hats or caps.

Learning points

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Activity 6 Work as a class

1. Make a model of a ag.

2. Take turns to raise and lower the ag you modelled.

3. Sing the Kenya National Anthem below.

O God of all creation,

Bless this our land and nation,

Justice be our shield and defender,

May we dwell in unity,

Peace and liberty,

Plenty be found within our borders.

Let one and all arise,

With hearts both strong and true,

Service be our earnest endeavour,

And our homeland of Kenya,

Heritage of splendour,

Firm may we stand to defend.

Let all with one accord,

In common bond united,

Build this our nation together,

And the glory of Kenya,

The fruit of our labour,

Fill every heart with thanksgiving.

a. The national anthem makes us proud to be Kenyans.

b. The national anthem reminds us to be united.

Learning points

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1. When at home, tell your family members the colours of

the national ag.

2. Sing the national anthem to your family members.

3. Tell your family members why we sing the national

anthem.

Take Home Activity

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Our Rights and Responsibilities

Child rights and responsibilities

Child rights

Activity 1 Work in groups

1. Say the rights that the children in the pictures have.

a. b.

c. d.

2. Talk about other child rights.

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Examples of child rights are:

a. Right to health care b. Right to parental care

c. Right to good food d. Protection from abuse

e. Right to education f. Right to a name

g. Right to play

Learning points

Activity 2 Work in groups

1. Make stickers with child rights.

2. Read the child rights to your schoolmates.

3. Put the stickers in the school compound.

Duties of a child

Activity 3 Work in groups

1. Tell your classmates how you help at home.

2. How do you help in school?

3. Look at the following pictures.

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4. What duties are the children in the pictures doing?

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Duties of children are:

a. Caring for one another.

b. Cleaning the environment.

c. Caring for items at home and at school.

d. Keeping peace.

e. Respecting one another.

f. Helping with house work.

Learning points

Activity 4 Work as a class

1. Carry out the following duties.

a. Arrange books.

b. Wipe your desks.

c. Sweep the classroom.

d. Collect litter and throw it in the dustbin.

2. Pick a card from the following.

Solving a disagreement between friends.

Helping an injured classmate.

Assisting a friend with a pencil.

Sharing snacks with classmates.

3. Talk about the duty on the card you picked.

While at home:

1. Tell your family members about child rights and duties.

2. Help your parents around the home.

Take Home Activity

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The duties of a child are also called responsibilities.

Learning point

Activity 5 Work in groups

1. Look at these stairs that Mili has to climb.

caring for items at home

keeping peace

caring for one another

keeping the environment clean

protection from abuse

health care

parental care

education

play

2. Which stairs will Mili use when talking about child rights?

3. Which stairs will lead Mili to child duties?

4. Read the following rights and duties of a child.

5. Make charts showing child rights and duties.

6. Put your charts in the school compound.

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1. Sing the following song.

We have a right, to get education.

We have a right, to good food.

We have a right, to a name and to play.

And when we fall sick, we have a right to health

care.

Our duty is to help at home.

To keep our rooms neat and clean.

To clear the table after meals.

We should also keep peace.

2. Name the rights mentioned in the song.

3. Talk about the duties mentioned in the song.

Learn with fun

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Our Market

Physical features on the way to the market

Activity 1 Work in groups

1. What is the name of your market?

2. Name what you see on your way to the market.

3. Name the physical features in the picture below.

4. Talk about the physical features that Lina sees on the way

to the market.

a. Physical features are things we see around us that help

us know where we are.

b. Trees, rivers, hills, roads, houses, markets, shops and

bridges are examples of physical features.

Learning points

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Activity 2 Work alone

1. Write the names of the following physical features.

a. b.

c. d.

e. f.

2. Draw and colour two physical features.

3. Put your drawings in the class learning corner.

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Finding the market

Activity 3 Work in groups

1. Talk about the directions to the market from your home.

2. Name two physical features that help you know you have

arrived at the market near your home.

3. Look at the following picture.

4. Name the physical features you can see.

5. Name the physical features found on the way to Tuli market

from Kai’s home?

a. Physical features help us know where we are.

b. They also help us give directions.

c. They help us to nd places.

Learning points

1. Model the following physical features.

a. Church b. Mosque c. Houses

d. Bridge e. River

2. Put your models in the class learning corner.

Learn with fun

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Wash your hands with soap and clean water after you nish

modelling.

Remember

Activities that take place in the market

Activity 4 Work in groups

1. Look at this picture. Say what is happening.

2. Use a nger to point at the buyers in the picture.

3. Point at the sellers in the picture.

Buyers and sellers are people found in the market. Buyers

buy items from the market. Sellers sell items in the market.

Activities that take place in the market are:

a. Buying of items.

b. Selling of items.

c. Packing of items bought.

Learning points

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Activity 5 Outdoor activity

1. Visit the nearby market with the teacher.

2. Name the people found in the market.

3. Name the items found in the market.

4. Write down the activities taking place in the market.

5. Buy fruits from the market.

a. To be polite when talking to a seller.

b. To be honest and pay after buying items in the market.

Remember

Activity 6 Work as a class

1. Make a market corner in your classroom.

2. Put items to be bought in your market.

3. Put prices on each item in your market.

4. Share roles of buyers and sellers in a market.

5. Show your classmates how to buy and sell items in the

market.

While at home:

1. Ask your parents or guardians to take you to the nearest

market.

2. Show your parents the physical features on the way to

the market.

3. Look at the activities taking place in the market.

Take Home Activity

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Weather

Weather conditions

Activity 1 Work in groups

1. Name four weather conditions.

2. Look outside your classroom. The weather is ______.

3. Name the weather conditions shown in the pictures below.

a. b.

c. d.

2 Natural Environment

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Weather conditions are rainy, sunny, cloudy, windy and calm.

Learning point

Activity 2 Outdoor activity

1. Take a weather walk around the school with your teacher.

2. Tell each other if it is warm or cold outside.

3. What do you see in the sky?

4. Are the trees straight or swaying?

5. The weather today is _______ (windy, sunny, cloudy, calm,

rainy).

Activity 3 Work in groups

Use this weather chart to answer questions.

Day Morning Afternoon

Monday Cloudy Rainy

Tuesday Sunny Sunny

Wednesday Calm Sunny

Thursday Cloudy Cloudy

Friday Rainy Sunny

1. On Wednesday afternoon, the weather was _____.

2. On which day was an umbrella used?

3. Which day is good for drying maize?

4. The weather on Monday was _____ in the morning and

_____ in the afternoon.

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Weather

Activity 4 Work in groups

1. Draw the following weather.

a. b. c. d.

Cloudy Windy Rainy Sunny

2. Display your drawings in class.

3. Use your nger to match each weather with its name. One

has been done for you.

Weather symbol

Name

Windy

Cloudy

Sunny

Rainy

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Activity 5 Work in groups

1. Look at the weather every morning and afternoon for ve

days.

2. Make a weather record for the ve days.

Day Morning Afternoon

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

3. Put your weather record in the class learning corner.

The following table shows how we record the weather.

Sunny

Cloudy

Windy

Rainy

Calm

Learning points

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Activity 6 Work in groups

1. What was the weather in the morning?

2. The weather yesterday was ______.

3. What do you think the weather will be in the afternoon?

4. Look at this weather chart.

Day Morning Afternoon

Monday Cloudy Sunny

Tuesday Sunny Sunny

Wednesday Cloudy

Thursday Sunny

Friday Sunny Sunny

a. What do you think will be the weather on Wednesday

afternoon?

b. Can you tell what the weather will be on Thursday

morning?

Use the following table to tell the weather for the coming

week. Use weather symbols.

Day Morning Afternoon

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

2. Check the weather record every afternoon.

3. How many days did you correctly tell the weather?

Learn with fun

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a. Knowing the weather helps us to plan our activities.

b. It also helps us wear the right clothes.

Learning points

Responding to weather conditions

Activity 7 Work in groups

1. What do you wear when it is sunny?

2. What do you do when it is rainy?

3. Talk about the following pictures.

a. When do we use umbrellas?

b. Which weather is good

for winnowing ?

c. Which weather is good for drying maize?

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Activity 8 Work in groups

Read the following weather news. Answer the questions

that follow.

Welcome to our daily weather broadcast. Tomorrow,

we will have a sunny morning with some rain in the

afternoon. Wear light clothes when you go outside to

play in the morning. Remember to carry umbrellas in

the afternoon.

1. Name the weather conditions in the news.

2. We should wear _____ (sweaters, light clothes ) when we

go outside to play.

3. We should have an _________ when it rains.

1. Make a spinning wheel like the one below.

windy

sunny

rainy

calm

cloudy

2. Spin the wheel and wait for the pointer to stop at a weather

symbol.

3. What would you do during the weather condition shown

by the pointer?

4. Show how you would respond to weather conditions in

the spinning wheel.

Learn with fun

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Soil

Types of soil

Activity 1 Outdoor activity

1. Collect soil samples from different places.

2. Put the soil samples in containers and label them.

3. Identify the types of soil you collected. Follow the example

given.

Soil sample Soil type

From the school garden Loam

a. b. c.

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a. The three types of soil are loam, clay and sand soil.

b. Clay soil can be found in anthills, grassy areas, near

rivers and ponds.

c. Loam soil can be found in the garden.

d. Sand soil is found on playgrounds, beaches, river banks

and building sites.

Learning points

Activity 2 Work in groups

1. Collect soil samples.

2. Use the soil samples to make a soil chart.

3. Put the soil chart in class.

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Activity 3 Work in groups

1. Complete the following sentences in your exercise book.

a. Loam soil is ______ (less smooth, less rough).

b. Clay soil is _________ (smooth, rough).

c. Sand soil is _____ (smooth, rough).

2. Write down the soil types with each of the following size of

particles.

Size of particles Soil type

Large particles

Medium particles

Small particles

3. Name the soil that is red or grey in colour. (Loam, Clay)

4. Which soil is dark in colour? (Loam, Sand)

5. Name the soil that is light in colour. (Loam, Sand)

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a. Sand soil is rough. It is light in colour. It has the large

particles.

b. Clay soil is smooth. It is grey or red in colour. It has the

small particles.

d. Loam soil is dark in colour. It has medium particles.

Learning points

Activity 4 Work in groups

1. Mix different types of soil with water to make mud balls.

2. Touch the mud formed.

a. Which soil forms sticky mud?

b. Name the soil that forms less sticky mud.

3. Roll the mud to make mud ribbons. Display your mud ribbons

in class.

a. Which soil made smooth long ribbons?

b. Which soil made the short ribbons?

Mud balls

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Activity 5 Work in groups

1. Model items like bricks, pots, numbers and letters using

different types of soil.

2. Which is the best soil for modelling.

3. Which soil is not good for modelling.

4. Display your modelled items in the class learning corner.

a. Clay soil makes the longest and smoothest ribbons.

b. It is the best type of soil for modelling. It is sticky.

Learning points

Always clean your modelling area and wash your hands

with clean water and soap after handling soil.

Remember

1. Tell your family members about the types of soils.

2. With the help of your parent or guardian, collect soil

samples.

3. Put the soil samples in containers and label them.

Take Home Activity

Numbers Letters Bricks Pot

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Activity 6 Work in groups

1. Make a soil chart.

2. Put the chart in class.

Recite the poem below.

Clay has the smallest particles.

Clay is sticky and very smooth.

Sand has the largest particles.

Sand is light in colour.

Loam has medium particles.

Loam is good for plants.

Learn with fun

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Work to do

1. Match the following pictures of soil types with their names.

(loam, clay, sand)

Soil type Soil name

2. Which soil type is the best for modelling? (clay soil, sand

soil)

3. Which soil is the best for growing plants? (loam soil, sand

soil)

4. Name the soil that is the best for building houses (Loam,

Sand).

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Light

Sources of light

Activity 1 Work in groups

1. Name two things that help you to see when there is darkness.

2. Name the following sources of light.

a. b. c.

d. e. f.

3. Name the sources of light you use at home.

a. Light helps us to see.

b. Sources of light include the sun, moon, stars, bulbs,

torches, candles and lamps.

Learning points

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Work to do

1. Write down the sources of light found at your home and

school. Copy and complete this table.

Sources of light found at

home

Sources of light found in

school

2. Draw and colour two sources of light.

1. Make a chart showing sources of light.

2. Put your chart in class.

Learn with fun

Making shadows

Activity 2 Outdoor activity

1. Talk about the picture below.

2. Go outside the classroom when the sun is shining.

3. Point at the shadows formed by different objects.

4. Stand in the eld and look at your shadow.

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Activity 3 Work in groups

1. Collect items like pens, books and stones.

2. Put the items on a at place in front of a source of light.

3. Look at the shadows made by the items.

4. Make more shadows using different items.

a. A shadow is a gure formed when light is blocked by an

object.

b. The shape of a shadow is usually similar to that of the

object blocking the light.

Learning points

Activity 4 Work in groups

1. Watch a video about making hand shadow puppets.

2. Name the animals made using hand shadows.

3. Take turns to make hand shadows.

Ways of saving light

Activity 5 Work in groups

1. Look at the picture.

2. How can you save light in the picture above?

3. How do you save light in your home?

4. How can we save light during the day?

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Ways of saving light are,

a. Switching off lights when not in use.

b. Using natural light from the sun during the day.

c. Using energy saving bulbs for lighting.

Learning points

Activity 6 Work in groups

1. Read the messages on this poster.

2. Make a poster like the one in number 1.

3. Say how you can save light in school.

4. Open your classroom windows or curtains to use natural

light.

Switch off lights when not in use.

Use natural light from the sun

during the day.

Use energy saving bulbs.

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While at home,

1. Show your family members ways of saving light.

2. Switch off lights that are not in use at home.

Take Home Activity

Activity 7 Work in groups

1. Make posters showing the ways of conserving light. Follow

this example.

Switch off lights when it is not dark.

Switch off lights after use.

Make use of light from the sun.

2. Plan a Light Saving Day in your class.

3. Read out the ways of saving light to your classmates.

4. Put your posters in the class learning corner.

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3 Resources in our Environment

Water

Ways of storing water

Activity 1 Outdoor activity

1. Take a water walk around the school with your teacher.

2. How is water stored in your school?

3. How is water stored at your home?

4. Why do we store water?

Activity 2 Work in groups

1. Name the following items used to store water.

a. b. c.

d. e. f.

2. Draw three items used to store water.

3. Put your drawings in the class learning corner.

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a. Storing water means keeping water safe for future use.

b. Water can be stored in tanks, jerricans, pots, bottles,

buckets, drums and basins.

c. We store water to use it in future.

Learning points

Activity 3 Work in groups

1. Make a water storage chart.

2. Put the chart in the class learning corner.

Work to do

1. Find the items used in storing water.

D A

T G S K P O T

D R U M F D W S B

J E R R I C A N M

T A N K G H S M R

D H T B O T T L E

B U C K E T A R W

2. Write down items used to store water in your exercise

book.

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Conserving water

Activity 4 Work in groups

1. Name the way of conserving water in the picture below.

2. Collect bottles and empty containers with lids.

3. Fill the water bottles and containers with clean water.

4. Store the collected water safely.

5. Use the stored water to clean the classroom.

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a. We can conserve water by collecting rainwater.

b. We also conserve water by storing water in clean water

bottles, tanks, drums or jerricans.

Learning points

1. Tell your family members the ways of storing water for

future use.

2. With the help of your parent or guardian,

a. Fill clean water bottles and jerricans with clean water.

b. Cover the water bottles and jerricans with their clean

lids.

c. Store the collected water in a clean place.

Take Home Activity

a. Always store water in clean containers.

b. Cover water containers with clean lids.

Remember

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Keeping water safe

Activity 5 Work in groups

1. Read the following sentences.

a. We keep drinking water safe

by boiling it.

b. Covering water containers

with clean lids keeps water

safe.

2. Read the messages on this poster.

Keeping water safe

a. Store water in clean containers.

b. Boil drinking water.

c. Clean water is good for our health.

3. Why do we keep water safe?

4. How do you keep water safe at home?

5. Keep water safe at home.

We keep water safe because clean water is good for our

health.

b. We keep drinking water safe by boiling it.

c. Covering water containers with clean lids keeps water

safe.

Learning points

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Activity 6 Work in groups

1. Make reminders showing ways of keeping water safe.

Boil drinking water.

Store water in clean containers.

Cover stored water with clean lids.

2. Plan a Water Conservation Day in your class.

3. Read out the ways of keeping water safe to your classmates.

4. Display your reminders on the classroom walls.

Activity 7 Work in groups

Complete these sentences in your exercise book.

1. Our family gets water from the ____. (river, tap, well, dam,

lake)

2. We keep water safe by ____ water containers and ____

them with lids. (covering, cleaning, hiding, boiling)

3. Storing water safely prevents ____ and keeps the family

healthy. (diseases, drought)

4. Water should be stored in ____ containers. (clean, dirty)

Recite this poem.

We store water in a clear jar.

And cover it with a clean lid.

Clean water is safe for our health.

Learn with fun

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Plants

Caring for plants

Activity 1 Work in groups

1. Name the ways of conserving plants you learnt in Grade 1.

2. Name the ways of caring for plants shown in these pictures.

a. b.

3. Tell your classmates how you care for plants.

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a. We care for plants by watering, manuring and mulching

them.

b. Watering plants is providing plants with enough water.

c. Manuring is adding animal waste, kitchen food waste, dry

leaves or grass to the soil.

d. Mulching is covering the soil around plants with dry grass

or leaves.

Learning points

Activity 2 Work as a class

1. Take a plant walk in the school compound with the teacher.

2. Name the ways of caring for plants in your school.

Write down ways of caring for plants in the word search

below.

W A T E R I N G

Q M A N U R I N G

F E N C I N G X A

K N M U I Y T C R

M U L C H I N G T

Learn with fun

Activity 3 Work in pairs

1. Name ways of caring for plants in the pictures below.

a. b.

2. Make a chart showing ways of caring for plants.

3. Display your chart in the class learning corner.

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Watering plants

Activity 4 Work in pairs

1. Look at this picture. How are they caring for the plants?

2. Do the following with the help of your teacher.

a. Go outside the classroom.

b. Water owers in the owerbeds.

c. Water plants in the school garden.

3. Why do we water plants?

a. We water plants to prevent them from drying.

b. We also water plants to help them grow.

Learning points

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Mulching plants

Activity 5 Work in groups

1. Take a nature walk to the school garden with your teacher.

2. Collect dry leaves and grass.

3. Put the dry leaves and grass around the plants in the school

garden. Follow the example below.

4. Look at the area you mulched after one week.

5. Say how the soil is after one week.

a. Mulching keeps the soil wet and prevents weeds from

growing.

b. It also prevents soil from being carried away by water.

Remember

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Manuring plants

Activity 6 Work in groups

1. With the help of your teacher,

a. Collect manure from animal waste, kitchen food

waste, dry leaves and grass.

b. Take a walk to the school garden.

c. Apply manure to plants in the garden.

2. Talk about this picture.

3. How is the person in the picture taking care of the plant?

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Protecting plants

Activity 7 Work in groups

1. Why have sticks been put around this plant?

2. Go out in the school compound.

3. Look for plants that should be protected.

4. Protect the plants.

Handle sticks carefully to prevent injuring yourself and others.

Remember

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Activity 8 Work in groups

1. Make posters with the following ways of caring for plants.

Ways of caring for plants

Water plants.

Mulch plants.

Add manure to plants.

Protect plants always.

2. Tell your schoolmates how to care for plants.

3. Care for the plants in your school.

Recite the poem below.

My plants

I will care for my plants.

And make them grow.

I will add manure to them.

I will water them.

Until they grow healthy.

Learn with fun

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Animals

Food from animals

Activity 1 Work in groups

1. Name food you eat at home.

2. What food do you eat in school?

3. Name the following food.

a. b.

c. d.

e. f.

g. h.

4. Which of the food above are from animals?

5. List other food that we get from animals.

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Activity 2 Work in groups

1. Name the food in the pictures.

a. b.

c. d.

2. Write down the animals that give us the food above.

3. Draw and colour three food we get from animals.

Food from animals are eggs, meat, milk, honey and sh.

Learning point

1. Make a chart of food we get from animals.

2. Put the chart in the class learning corner.

Learn with fun

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Activity 3 Work in groups

1. Look at the following animals. Say the food they give us.

a. b. c.

d. e. f.

2. Name the animal that gives us each of the following food.

Mutton

Eggs

Milk

Honey

3. Name other animals that give us food.

4. What food do the animals you have named give us?

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a. Goats, sheep, cows, chicken, sh and bees are animals

that give us food.

b. Goats, sheep and cows give us meat and milk.

c. Chicken give us meat and eggs.

d. Bees give us honey.

Learning points

Activity 4 Work in pairs

1. Look for pictures of animals that give us food.

2. Look for pictures of the food we get from the animals.

3. Match each picture of an animal with the food we get from

it.

4. Use the pictures to make a food chart like this one.

Animal Food

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Caring for animals

Activity 5 Work in groups

1. Look at these pictures.

a. b.

c. d.

2. Say what is happening in each picture.

3. Watch a video on how to care for animals.

4. Name ways of caring for animals mentioned in the video.

5. Tell your classmates how you care for animals.

Ways of caring for animals include,

a. Feeding animals.

b. Cleaning animals.

c. Sheltering animals.

d. Cleaning animal shelter.

e. Providing animals with medical care.

Learning points

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Activity 6 Role play

1. Show your classmates these ways of caring for animals.

a. Feeding chicken b. Watering rabbits

2. Take a walk in the school compound or the neigbourhood

with your teacher.

3. Look at how animals are being cared for.

4. Assist in caring for the animals.

Clean your hands with clean water and soap after caring

for animals.

Remember

Activity 7 Work in groups

Say how the sheep are being cared for in the picture below.

2. How else can we care for sheep?

3. Tell your classmates how you care for animals.

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Activity 8 Work in groups

1. Look for pictures of people caring for animals. Use old

newspapers and magazines.

2. Cut out the pictures.

3. Use the pictures to make a chart.

4. Write how the animals are being cared for.

5. Put the chart in the class learning corner.

Activity 9 Work in groups

1. Make a poster showing ways of caring for animals. Follow

the example.

Caring for animals

Let us keep animal shelter clean.

Always feed and water animals.

Provide medical care to animals.

Be an animal hero. Protect all animals.

3. Read out the messages on the poster to your classmates.

4. Show your classmates how to care for animals.

5. Hang the poster on the classroom wall.

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Recite this poem about caring for animals.

Goats, sheep, chicken and cows.

All need our care.

Give them food and keep them clean.

When they are sick, they need a vet.

Wash their shelter.

Clean their feeders.

Clean their drinkers.

Clean the animals.

Learn with fun