KNOW MORE
ART AND CRAFT
GRADE 3
LEARNER’S BOOK
Francis Muthomi
Isaac Njenga
This book belongs to:
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Storymoja
PO Box 264 – 00606
Sarit Centre, Nairobi, Kenya.
Storymoja books are published by No Boundaries Ltd., an ethical
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promoting African writing of world-class standards.
© Francis Muthomi and Isaac Njenga, 2018
Edited by Mathew Sang and Jane Mathenge
Design and layout by Angela Muchemi and Serah Muchai
Cover design by Abulitsa George
First published in 2018 as a Storymoja imprint by No Boundaries Ltd.,
PO Box 264 – 00606, Sarit Centre, Nairobi, Kenya.
Second edition, 2022
Reprinted 2022 (Thrice), 2023
ISBN 978-9966-62-189-4
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or
utilised in any form by any means electronic or mechanical – including
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has been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to
make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.
Contents
1 DRAWING ................................................................. 1
Animal forms ................................................................................ 1
Human forms ................................................................................ 6
2 PAINT AND COLOUR ........................................... 10
Painting ....................................................................................... 10
3 PATTERN MAKING ................................................ 16
Hand print patterns ................................................................. 16
Leaf print patterns ................................................................... 19
Block print patterns ................................................................. 22
4 MOUNTING TECHNIQUES ................................. 28
Photomontage ........................................................................... 28
5 DECORATING FORMS .......................................... 32
Decorating 3-dimensional (3D) forms ................................ 32
6 ORNAMENTS ......................................................... 36
Double strand knotted bracelets .......................................... 36
Double strand knotted necklaces ......................................... 39
7 FABRIC DECORATION ......................................... 43
Appliqué method........................................................................ 43
8 MODELLING ........................................................... 47
Decorating clay items using incising technique ................ 47
Decorating clay work using embedding technique ......... 50
9 SCULPTURE............................................................. 54
Shakers ........................................................................................ 54
Propellers .................................................................................... 58
10 WEAVING ................................................................ 63
Plain weaving on a serrated cardboard loom .................. 63
Plain weaving on a dowal loom .......................................... 66
11 PAPER CRAFT ........................................................ 70
Combined paper craft techniques ........................................ 70
1
There are different forms all around us. Such forms include
animals and human beings.We can use drawing tools and
materials to create pictures of different forms.
Animal forms
Activity 1: Observing animals on a farm
Look at the picture below.
1. What animal forms can you see in the picture?
2.
Visit an animal farm in your local area. Observe the animals
found in the farm.Your teacher, parent or guardian will guide you.
3. How are the animals at home useful?
1
DRAWING
2
Activity 2: Observing animals on a digital device
You will need: a digital device with an internet connection.
Look at the picture below
1. Which animals do you see on the laptop screen?
2. Where are such animals found?
3. Talk about animals with a friend.
Caution
Be careful when getting close to animals. Some animals can
hurt you.
Remember
Animals found at home are
called domestic animals.
Those found in the bush are
called wild animals.
3
Activity 3: Drawing animal forms
1. Complete the animal forms in the pictures below using a pencil.
A
B
C
D
2. Colour the pictures.
3. Show your classmates the pictures you have drawn.
4. Name
the animals in the pictures.
Digital moment
a) Use a digital device to draw animal forms.
b) Show your classmates the pictures you have drawn.
4
Activity 4
1. Draw and colour the animals shown in the pictures below.
2. Share the pictures you have drawn with your classmates.
3. Tell your classmates the names of animals you have drawn.
Caring for animals
We should be kind to animals.
We take care of animals at home by giving them food and water.
We also keep their houses clean.
A B
C D
5
Activity 5: How animals help the community
1. Look at these pictures.
2. How do the things in the pictures help people in the community?
3. What other ways are animals important in your community?
A B
C D
E F
6
Human forms
Activity 1: Observing pictures of human forms
1. Look at the pictures below.
2. What do you see in each picture?
3. Talk about the pictures with your friends.
Human diversity
We are all created differently. We should respect all people even
if they do not look like us. We should be kind to one another.
A B
C D
E F
7
Activity 2: Drawing human forms
1. Follow the steps below to draw a human form.
Step 1: Draw the
head.
Step 2: Add the
shoulders.
Step 3:Add the right
hand and ﬁngers.
Step 4:Add the left
hand and ﬁngers.
Step 5:Add the
right leg and foot.
Step 6:Add the left
leg and foot.
2. Show your classmates the picture you have drawn.
Remember
You can add other details
to the human form.These
include the eyes, ears,
mouth and hair.
8
Activity 3
1. Draw and colour the human ﬁgures like the ones shown in
the pictures below.
Use the empty spaces on the right side.
2. Share the pictures with your classmates.
3. Tell them how you have drawn the ﬁgures.
A
B
C
D
9
Take home activity
a) Draw pictures of the animals found in your home area.
Colour your pictures.
b) Use the pictures to tell the people in your community why
it is important to take care of animals.
Exercise 1
1. Are they animal or human forms?
A.
B. C .
2. Look at the picture below.
a) What form is the girl in the picture drawing?
b) What is she using to draw?
10
We can use pictures to tell stories. Such pictures can be created
using paint and brush.
Painting
Activity 1: Observing simple painted pictures
1. Look at the pictures below.
2. What can you see in each picture?
3. What colours have been used in each picture? Talk about
them with a classmate.
Respect
It is important to respect the contribution of other learners.
Give each learner in the group a chance to speak.
2
P AINT AND COLOUR
A B
C D
2
11
Activity 2: Painting simple pictures based on stories
using a brush
1.
The pictures below tell a story. Use a brush to paint the pictures.
2. What story can you tell from the pictures? Talk about the
story with your classmates.
Hygiene
We should wash our hands after playing, before eating and
after eating. Dirty hands cause diseases.
A B
C D
P AINT AND COLOUR
12
Activity 3
1. Talk about a good story you would like to tell.
2. Use a brush to paint four pictures in the spaces below to tell
the story.
Picture 1 Picture 2
Picture 3 Picture 4
3. Share your pictures with your classmates.
4. What stories do they tell?
Sharing
We should share painting and colouring materials with the other
learners.
A B
A
C
B
D
13
Painting simple pictures based on stories using
digital tools
Activity 4: Painting pictures
You will need: a digital device with Microsoft Paint or any
other painting application.
Think of a simple story you would like to tell through painting.
Your teacher, parent or guardian will guide you through the steps
below to create the pictures.
Step 1: Open Microsoft Paint or
the application you are using to
paint.
Step 2: Draw or open the
pictures you need on the
computer screen (desktop).
Step 3: Select the brush you
want to use.
Step 4: Select the colour you
want to use.
14
Step 5: Colour the different
parts of the picture using the
colours.
Step 6: Repeat steps 4 and 5
for the other colours to ﬁnish
your painting.
Share the pictures with your classmates. Show them how you
have created and painted your pictures.
Paint more pictures that tell other stories.
Remember
Using a digital device to draw and
paint has some advantages.You can
draw, erase or change the details
on your painting easily.
15
Exercise 2
1. What colours are used in each picture?
2. What story does each picture tell?
A
B
A
B
C
D
16
We can make patterns by repeating lines, shapes, prints or forms
on a surface. Colour is used to make the patterns more attractive.
Hand print patterns
Activity 1: Observing hand print patterns
1. Look at the patterns below.
2. How were they created?
3. Talk about it with a classmate.
A B
C D
2
P A TTERN MAKING
3
17
Activity 2: Studying pictures
1. Look at the picture below.
2. What are the children doing?
3. What materials would you need to make such prints on a
surface?
4. On what types of surfaces can you make such prints?
Safety
Always use safe paints when creating hand print patterns.
Wash your hands with soap and clean water after ﬁnishing the
activity.
P A TTERN MAKING
18
Activity 3: Making hand print patterns
You will need: paints of different colours and paper. Re-use old
papers to cover the working surface.
1. Create the following hand print patterns on paper using your
hands.
You can use colours of your choice.
2. Show your classmates the patterns you have created.
Tell
them how you have made the patterns.
3. Make other hand print patterns of your choice. Share them
with your classmates.
4. With the permission of your parent or guardian, take the
hand print pattern you have made to the nearest children’s
home.
A B
19
Leaf print patterns
Activity 1: Observing leaf print patterns
1. Look at the prints below.
2. Answer the following questions.
a) What was used to make the prints?
b) What materials would you need to make such prints?
c) How would you make the prints?
20
Activity 2: Studying pictures
1. Look at the pictures below.
2. What are the children doing?
3. What materials are they using?
4. Tell your friend how the children are making leaf print patterns.
Remember
In your local environment, there are
leaves of different shapes and sizes. Use
them to create attractive patterns with
different colours.
Your teacher will show you the leaves you
can use.
21
Activity 3: Printing coloured patterns using leaves
for decoration
You will need: different types of leaves, paints of different
colours, paint brushes and a piece of white blank paper.
1. Follow the steps below to make leaf print patterns.
Step 1: Paint one side of a leaf
using a brush. Use one colour
to paint the whole surface of
the leaf.
Step 2: P lace the painted
surface of the leaf on the
white paper. Gently press the
leaf onto the paper.
Step 3: Ca refully lift off the
leaf from the paper.
Be careful
not to spoil the print you have
made on the paper.
Step 4: Repeat steps 1 to 3
using the other leaves. Create
a pattern using the leaves you
have. Use different colours for
each type of leaf.
2. Leave your prints to dry.
3. Display your pattern in class for feedback.
22
Block printed pattern
Activity 1: Observing block printed patterns
1. Look at the patterns in the pictures.
2. What pictures have been used to make the patterns above?
A B
C D
23
Activity 2: Studying pictures
1. Look at the pictures below. What is happening in each picture?
2. Answer the following questions:
a) What tools are being used to make the patterns?
b) Which materials from your local environment can you
use to make the tools?
A
B
Environment
The environment provides us with the
materials that we need for Art and
Craft. We should take care of our
environment.
24
Activity 3: Making block print patterns
You will need: cut-out stamps, paints of different colours, a
piece of sponge and a piece of white paper.
1. Follow the steps below to create block printed patterns.
Step 1:Apply
paint on
the cut-out
stamp using
a sponge. Ensure the paint is
evenly applied.
Step 2:
Gently press
the painted
cut-out stamp
onto the paper.
Step 3:
Carefully
lift off the
cut-out
stamp from the paper.
Be
careful not to spoil the print.
Step 4: Use
a different
design and
colour to
make the second print.
Use
different designs and colours to
create a beautiful pattern.
2. Display your pattern in class. Tell your classmates how you
have made the pattern.
Remember
You can make cut-out stamps from
wood, foam or rubber.
25
How to make a cut-out foam stamp
You will need:
paper, pencil, foam sheets, scissors and cutting
knife
What to do
Step 1: Draw the design you want on paper and then cut it out
using scissors.
Step 2: Place the design on a foam sheet and cut out along the
edges.
26
Step 3: Put together several of the foam cut-outs. Press them
ﬁrmly together and make sure they are
lined up well.
Step 4:Attach the foam cut-outs to another material.
Step 5: Repeat with other designs.
27
Take home activity
Ask your parents or guardians for assistance.
Visit a children’s home and show the children how to create
simple decorations using hand prints,leaf prints and block prints.
Use the decorations to make the children’s home beautiful.
Exercise 3
1. Match the pattern to the correct tool used to make it.
Pattern Tool
2. Name the materials and tools that you can use to make the
following patterns.
28
We can create pictorial compositions by putting together cut-out
pictures from printed materials. Examples of printed materials
include newspapers and magazines.
Photomontage
Activity 1: Identifying pictures from printed materials
a) Below are samples of pages from printed materials.
b) What pictures can you see in the samples ?
c) What other pictures can you get from printed materials?
4
MOUNTING TECHNIQUES
A B
C D
4
29
Creating pictorial compositions from cutout
pictures
Activity 2: Creating pictorial compositions
1. Look at the picture below and answer the questions:
2. What are the children in the picture doing?
3. What materials are they using?
Caution
Be careful when using cutting tools.
If not handled carefully,
they could hurt you or other learners.
MOUNTING TECHNIQUES
30
Activity 3
Create a pictorial composition of your choice in the space below.
You will need:Glue,old newspapers,a pair of scissors,old magazines
and old calendars.
Display your pictorial composition in class.
Explain to your
classmates what you have created.
Environment
Re-using materials from the community
helps to keep the environment clean.
31
Take home activity
Ask your parents or guardians to assist you.
Create a pictorial composition related to the environment. Get
pictures from old printed materials at home.
Use your composition to create awareness in the community
about the environment.
Exercise 4
1. Which of the following pictures is a photomontage?
2. Which of the following materials can you use to make a
pictorial composition?
A B
A
B
32
Decorating is the activity of making an object more attractive.
We can do this by painting on it. We can also make marks on it
with a cutting tool or stick other materials on it.
Decorating 3-dimensional (3D) forms
Activity 1: Observing decorated forms
1. Look at the objects in the pictures below.
2. Answer the following questions:
a) How have the objects been decorated?
b) What materials have been used to decorate the objects?
c) Share your observations with the class.
Digital moment
a) With the help of your teacher, parent or guardian, use a
digital device with Internet connection to search for other
decorated 3D objects.
b) Find out the methods used to decorate the objects.
A
B
C
5
DECORATING FORMS
33
Activity 2: Studying pictures
1. Below are materials that can be used to decorate 3D forms.
2. Name the materials.
3. What other materials from your local environment can you
use to decorate 3D forms?
4. Share your responses with your classmate.
Remember
We can use small objects such as sea shells, egg
shells, pebbles, seeds, beads and buttons to decorate
3D forms.
These materials are available in our local environment.
A B
C D
DECORA TING FORMS
34
Decorating 3D forms using materials from the
local environment
Activity 3: Decorating 3D forms
You will need: an old cardboard box, coloured paper, decorating
materials such as fabrics, seeds, buttons, beads and glue
1. Follow the steps below to decorate the cardboard box.
Step 1: Cover the old
cardboard box with
coloured paper. Use fabric
to cover the inside of the
box.
Step 2: Cut out patterns and
shapes from the coloured
paper. Stick the patterns and
shapes on the cardboard box.
Step 3:Add any other
decorations you want on
the cardboard box.
Step 4: Decorate the bottom
part of the box. Use the box to
store your play items.
2. Display your decorated box in class.
Talk about the decorations
with your classmates.
35
Take home activity
Ask your parents or guardians for assistance.
a) Collect locally available materials for decorating 3D forms
such as calabashes, cardboard boxes, leather items or
wooden objects.
b) Decorate your home with the 3D forms.
Exercise 5
1. Which objects have been used to decorate the 3D forms
below?
A.
B.
2. Which of the materials below can be used to decorate 3D
forms?
A.
B.
C. D.
36
Bracelets and necklaces are ornaments that we wear to make
ourselves look beautiful.
We can make bracelets and necklaces
in different ways.
The knotting method is one way of making
bracelets and necklaces.
Double strand knotted bracelets
Activity 1: Observing knotted bracelets
Look at the pictures below.
a) What items do you see in the pictures?
b) How were the items made?
c) Share your responses with the class.
Remember
We can make bracelets by knotting threads
together. We can make single strand, double
strand and multiple strand bracelets using this
method.
A B C
6
ORNAMENTS
37
Activity 2: Making double strand knotted bracelets
You will need: nylon threads, tape
Follow the steps below to make a double strand knotted bracelet.
Your teacher, parent or guardian will guide you.
Step 1: Obtain ﬁve pieces of strings. One of the strings should
be 3 times the size of your wrist.
The other four strings should
be double the length of that string.
Step 2: Fold the shortest string into
two equal parts.Then arrange the other
longer strings around the folded string
as shown in the picture on the right
.
Tape the top ends of the strings onto a
table.
Tape the bottom ends of the middle
strings. Leave the ends of the other four
longer strings free.
Creating the ﬁrst strand
Step 3: Start by creating the strand on the left side. Place the
string on the outer side under the middle string.
Then place the
same outer string over the inner string.
tape
tape
tape
tape
ORNAMENTS
38
Step 4: Now take the inner string over the middle string and into
the loop. Pull on both the inner and outer strings at the same time
to create a knot.Tighten the knot.
Step 5: Repeat the process but now start with the inner string.
Keep alternating the strings you start with after every knot up to
the end of the left strand.
Creating the second strand
Step 6: Repeat steps 3, 4 and 5 with the strings for the right
strand.
Finishing the bracelet
Step 7: Once you have completed making the
two strands, cut off the excess outer strings.
Apply glue to the edges and stick them to the
middle strings as shown in the picture.
Step 8: Tie a simple knot at the end of the
loose strings. Pass the knot through the loop
you had created at the beginning of the
bracelet.
A B
A B C
39
Double strand knotted necklaces
Activity 1: Observing double strand knotted
necklaces
Look at the pictures below.
a) What items do you see in the pictures?
b) How were the items made?
c) Share your responses with your classmates
Remember
Knotted necklaces can be made of
a single strand, double strand or
multiple strands.
A
B
C
40
Activity 2: Making double strand knotted necklaces
You will need: two pieces of nylon thread each being 45 cm long,
beading needle, beads of different sizes and colour.
Follow the steps below to make a double strand knotted necklace.
Your teacher, parent or guardian will guide you.
Step 1: Hold the two pieces of thread together then fold them
into two. Knot them together at the 3-cm mark from the fold.
Step 2: String a bead through one of the threads.Then tie both
threads into a knot after the bead.
Step 3: Repeat the process until you have created a necklace
of the correct length. Once you have completed creating the
necklace, tie both strands together using a knot.
B
A
41
Step 4: Create a big knot with the loose ends of the threads.
Step 5: Use the knot to secure the necklace through the loop
you created on the other end.
Display your necklace in class. Show your classmates how you
have created your necklace.
Remember
There are different knots you can
make at the end of the necklace.
42
Take home activity
You will need the assistance of your parents or guardians.
a) Talk about the methods used to make bracelets and
necklaces in your community.
b) Show your parents or guardians how to make knotted
bracelets and necklaces.
c) Show your friends the bracelets and necklaces you have
made with your parents.
Exercise 6
1. Which of the bracelets and necklaces below are made using
the knotting method?
A.
B.
C.
D.
2. Name two materials you can re-use to make double strand
knotted bracelets and necklaces.
a) ______________________________________________
b) ______________________________________________
43
Appliqué method
We can decorate fabric using various methods.One of the methods
that we can use is called appliqué.In this method, pieces of fabric
in different shapes and patterns are sewn or stuck onto a larger
piece of fabric.
Observing fabric decorated using the appliqué
method
Activity 1: Studying pictures
1. Look at the fabrics in the pictures below.
2. Answer the following questions:
a) What materials have been used to decorate the fabrics?
b) What shapes, patterns or pictures have been used on
each fabric?
c) How were the decorations put on the fabrics?
A B C
7
FABRIC DECORATION
44
Activity 2: Decorating fabric using the appliqué method
You will need: a piece of clothing for decorating, pieces of fabric
of different colours from which to cut patterns and shapes,scissors,
fabric glue.
1. Follow the steps below to decorate fabric using the appliqué
method.
Step 1: Cut different shapes
and patterns from the various
pieces of fabric you have.
Step 2: Stick the shapes and
patterns onto the piece of
clothing using fabric glue.
2. Display the decorated fabric in class.
3. What is the feedback of your classmates.
Safety
You can also use a needle and thread to sew the decorations
onto the clothing. Always be careful when using sharp objects
such as scissors and needles.
Put back the needle in its container after using it.
45
Activity 3: Drawing and decorating fabric
1. Collect pieces of old fabrics at home.Decorate a larger fabric
using shapes and patterns from the old fabrics.
2. Draw a picture of the fabric you have decorated in the space
below.
3. Show your classmates the fabric you have decorated.
4. What is their response about your decorations.
Digital moment
a) Your teacher, parent or guardian will guide you to use a
digital device that has Internet connection to search for
pieces of clothing that have been decorated using the
appliqué method.
b) Show your classmates what you have found on the Internet.
46
Take home activity
Show your parents or guardians how to decorate fabric using
the appliqué method.
Create a set of table mats from fabric and decorate them using
the appliqué method. Use the table mats at home.
Exercise 7
1. Appliqué is a method of decorating ______________ using
shapes and patterns from other fabrics.
2. Which of the following fabrics have been decorated using the
appliqué method?
A.
B.
C.
D.
3. Name the materials you will need to decorate a T-shirt using
the appliqué method.
47
We can decorate clay items using different methods. One method
involves making marks on the clay item.
Another method involves
embedding small items such as pebbles on the wet clay.
Decorating clay items using incising
technique
Activity 1: Observing clay items that have been
decorated by incising
Look at the objects in the picture below and answer the questions.
a) What type of decoration is on the object?
b) How was the decorations made?
c) Share your responses with your classmates.
Remember
Incising is a method of decorating
clay items by creating markings on
the wet clay using a sharp object.
A B C
8
MODELLING
48
Materials used to decorate clay items by incising
Activity 2: Studying pictures
1. Name the materials in the pictures below.
2. Identify other materials in your environment that you can use
to make markings on wet clay.
3. Share your ﬁndings with the class.
Remember
Any object with a pointed end can be
used to make incisions on wet clay such
as a nail.
Safety
Always be careful when handling sharp objects.
A B
C D
49
Activity 3: Decorating clay objects by incising
You will need: clay, pointed object for making the incisions
1. Follow the steps below to make and decorate a clay pot by
incising.
Step 1: Roll the clay into a
ball.
Step 2: Use your ﬁngers to
create a small pot and shape it.
Step 3: Once the pot is
completed, create a pattern on
it by incising.
Step 4: Leave your pot to dry
under a shade.
2. Display your pot in class. Tell your friends how you made the
decorations on the pot.
3. What other items can be made out of clay?
4. Which safety precautions did you use when making your pot?
50
Decorating clay work using embedding
technique
Observing clay items that have been decorated
by embedding small objects
Activity 1
1. Look at the objects in the pictures below.
2. Answer the following questions:
a) What has been used to decorate each item?
b) How were the decorations made?
c) Share your responses with the class.
Remember
We can decorate clay items by embedding
small objects on them while the clay is still
wet. Such small objects include pebbles,
buttons, beads and sea shells.
A B
51
Objects used to decorate clay items by embedding
Activity 2
1. Look at the materials in the pictures below.
2. Identify the objects in each picture.
3. Look around your environment. Identify other materials that
you can embed into wet clay to make decorations.
4. Share your ﬁndings with your classmate.
Remember
The objects to be embedded into the clay will
depend on the use of the clay item. For example, if a
clay pot is to be used as a decorative item, then you
can use objects of any material. However, if the pot is
going to be used for cooking, then some objects such
as plastic beads or buttons may not be suitable.
A B
C
52
Decorating clay objects by embedding small objects
Activity 3
You will need: clay, small pebbles, water, container
Follow the steps below to make and decorate a clay pot by
embedding small objects.
Step 1: Mix the clay with
water and roll it into a ball.
Step 2: Using your hands,
create a small pot. Use your
ﬁngers to shape the pot.
Step 3: Once the pot is
completed, stick the pebbles
into the wet clay to make a
pattern.
Step 4: Leave your pot to dry
under a shade.
Display your pot in class. Talk about the decorations you have
made on the pots to the class.
53
T ak e home activity
With the help of your par ents or guar dians,
a) Mod el some cla y items at home.
b) Decorate them using the incising and embed ding methods.
c) Lea v e the items to dr y and then use them to decorate your
house.
Ex er cise 8
1. Which method has been used to decorate each of the f ollo wing
items?
A.
B.
2. Match the tools or materials with the cor r ect method of
decorating cla y items.
54
We can make different play objects from materials found in our
environment. Examples of such objects include shakers and
propellers.
Shakers
A shaker is an object that is used to create sound when shaken.
Activity 1: Observing samples of shakers
1. Look at the pictures below.
2. How are they used?
3. Share your observations with the class.
Digital moment
Use a digital device with Internet connection to search for
different types of shakers.
Show your classmates what you ﬁnd out.
A B
C
9
SCULPTURE
55
Activity 2: Identifying materials used to make a shaker
1. Look at the materials in the pictures below.
2. Identify the materials in each picture.
A
B
C D
3. Look around your environment.
Which other materials can
you use to make shakers?
4. Share your responses with your classmates.
Remember
There are different types of shakers that you
can make. You can use other materials such as
tins, plastic bottles, seeds and small pebbles to
make shakers.
A B
C D
SCULPTURE
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Activity 3: Making simple shakers
Method 1
You will need: metal bottle tops, a forked stick, a piece of wire, a
nail and a hammer
Follow the steps below to make a simple
shaker.
You can decorate the forked stick before
starting the process of making the shaker.
Step 1: Using the nail and
hammer, make a hole at the
centre of each bottle top.
Step 2: Tie one end of the wire
to one side of the forked stick.
Step 3: Insert the bottle tops
through the free end of the
wire.
Step 4: Tie the other end of
the wire to the forked stick.
Your shaker is now ready.
Safety
Be careful when handling sharp and pointed tools to avoid
injury. Always handle the hammer properly. Do not cut a tree
branch without permission from your parent or guardian.
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Activity 4
Method 2
You will need: containers that are made of thick plastic and
small pebbles or dry seeds.
1. Follow the steps below to make a shaker.
Step 1: Put the seeds or
pebbles inside the plastic
container. Put back the lid on
the bottle.
Step 2: You can decorate the
plastic container with colourful
paper.
2. Display your shakers in class. Use your shakers to create
music.
Remember
The size of objects that you put in the plastic bottle
will determine the sound you will get. If you want a
soft sound, use small-sized materials such as sand
or rice grains. If you want a loud sound, use bigger
materials such as dry seeds or small pebbles.
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Propellers
A propeller is a play item which has rotating parts that are
attached to a stick.
Activity 1: Observing samples of propellers
1. Look at the picture below. Answer the following questions.
2. What are the children using to play?
3. How were the play items made?
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Activity 2
1. Look at the items in the pictures below.
2. Identify the materials in each picture.
A B
C D
3. Which other materials from your environment can be used to
make propellers?
4. Share your responses with the class.
Environment
The environment is a rich source of
materials for Art and Craft. Let us take
care of our environment.
A B
C D
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Making simple propellers using local materials
Activity 3: Making simple propellers
You will need: a square coloured paper, glue, scissors, stick and
push pins
Follow the steps below to make a propeller.
Step 1: Lay out the square paper on a ﬂat surface.
Step 2: Draw two diagonal lines to cross each other at the
centre of the paper. Cut along the lines up to the half-way mark
on each diagonal line.
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Step 3: Lift one edge of each segment and fold it towards the
centre of the paper. Glue the edges to the centre of the paper.
Step 4: Use a pin or any other sharp item to ﬁx the paper to a
stick.
a) Show your classmates the propeller you have made.
b) Tell them how you have made the propeller.
c) Play with your classmates using the propellers you have made.
Remember
You can create propellers using materials
from your local environment. Such materials
include dry maize leaves, maize stalks and
coconut leaves.
Digital moment
Use a digital device connected to the internet to search for
examples of propellers.
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Take home activity
With the guidance of your parents or guardians, make a shaker
and a propeller.
Use materials from your local environment.
Use the shaker and propeller to play with your friends or siblings.
Exercise 9
1. What play items are shown in the pictures below?
A.
B.
C .
D.
2. A shaker creates _____________ when shaken.
3. A propeller has parts that _________________ when pushed
by the wind.
4. The materials below can be used to make a:
A. ________________
B. ___________________
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Weaving is done by passing threads over and under other threads
on a loom.
We can use a serrated loom or a dowel loom to weave table
mats, ﬂoor mats and wall decorations. We can weave such items
in different colours.
Plain weaving using the serrated card
loom
Observing woven items, materials and tools
Activity 1: Observing woven items
1. Look at the picture below. Answer the following questions:
2. What is the person doing?
3. What materials and tools is the person using?
10
WEAVING
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4. What other materials can you use to make woven items?
5. Share your responses with the class.
Making a table mat using a serrated card loom
In plain weave, the weft thread passes over one warp and under
another warp continuously to the end of this woven item.
Activity 2: Making a table mat
You will need: a serrated card loom, coloured yarn or pieces of
fabric, a long piece of string, weaving needle
Follow the steps below to make a mat on a serrated cardboard
loom using plain weave.
Step 1: Make a serrated
cardboard loom.
Step 2: Insert the base strings
through the cuttings on the
loom from top to bottom.
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Step 3: Start weaving using the
ﬁrst colour of yarn or fabric
strip.
Step 4: Introduce the second
colour of yarn or fabric strip
and continue weaving.
Step 5: Introduce the third colour of yarn and continue weaving.
You can keep interchanging the colours to the end of the mat.
(a)
(b)
Step 6: Once the mat is complete, turn over the loom. Cut off
the base strings to release the mat.Tie the base strings together
to secure your mat.Trim off the excess string.
Display your mat in class. Tell your classmates how you made
your mat.
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Re-using materials
Re-using materials from our environment helps to keep the
surroundings clean.
You can cut fabric strips from old clothing.
Weaving using the dowel loom
Identifying tools and materials used in weaving
Activity 1 Work in groups
Look at the picture below. Answer the questions below.
a) What is the person doing?
b) What tool is she using?
c) What materials is she using?
d) What other materials from the environment can you use to
make woven items?
e) Share your responses with the class.
Remember
A dowel loom is also called a peg loom.
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Activity 2: Making a mat using a dowel loom
You will need: a dowel
loom, sisal or rafﬁa ﬁbre in three colours
and a weaving needle
Follow the steps below to make a mat using the dowel loom.Your
teacher, parent or guardian will guide you.
Step 1: Make a dowel loom
using a log of wood and
dowel rods.
Step 2: Pass the base strings
through the holes on the dowel
rods.Then insert the rods into
the holes on the block of wood.
Step 3: Loop the ﬁrst colour
of ﬁbre round the ﬁrst rod.
Start weaving by passing the
ﬁbre in and out of the rods all
the way to the other end.
Step 4: Introduce the second
colour of ﬁbre at a point of your
choice and continue weaving.
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Step 5: Introduce the third
colour of ﬁbre and weave to
the end of the mat. Once you
have achieved the right size of
the mat, knot the ends of the
ﬁbre and attach them to the
sides of the mat.
Step 6: Cut off the strings
from the dowel rods to free the
mat. Knot the strings and tie
them together to secure your
mat.Then trim off the extra
base strings.
a) Display your mat in class.
b) What is the response of your classmates.
Sharing
Share your materials with the other learners.
You can also share the items you make with the less fortunate in
your community.
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Take home activity
You will need the assistance of your parents or guardians.
Weave table mats or wall hanging decorations using the
serrated card loom and the dowel loom.
Donate the items to a home for the elderly in your community.
You can use the wall hangings to decorate the home for the
elderly.
Exercise10
1. Name the tool being used in each picture to make a mat.
A.
B.
2. Name four materials you can use to make woven items:
a) _____________________ b) _____________________
c) _____________________ d) _____________________
3. Write down the materials you require to make each of the
following looms.
a) ____________________
b) ____________________
c) ____________________
a) ____________________
b) ____________________
c) ____________________
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Paper craft is the activity of creating decorations from paper. We
can combine different paper craft methods to create attractive
decorations. Such methods include cutting, folding, pleating and
curling paper.
Combined paper craft methods
Observing hats made using combined paper craft
methods
Activity 1: Observing hats
Look at the paper hats in the pictures below.Answer the following
questions.
a) What is the difference in the hats?
b) Where can you use such hats?
c) What materials are used in making such hats?
d) Ta lk with your friend other types of hats you can make from
paper.
A B
C D
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PAPER CRAFT
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Activity 2: Studying pictures
Look at the children in the pictures below.
A
B
What are they doing?
Digital moment
Use a digital device that has Internet connection to search for
different types of paper hats and how they are used.
Share your ﬁndings with your classmates.
P APER CRAFT
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Creating paper hats using combined paper craft
methods
Activity 3: Creating paper hats
Follow the steps below to make different types of paper hats.
Paper hat 1
You will need: old newspapers or manila paper
Step 1: Fold your paper
into two halves.
Step 2: Tu rn the paper so that the
folded edge is at the top. Draw
a line through the middle of the
folded paper from top to bottom.
Draw another horizontal line
from the bottom.
Step 3: Bring the left top
corner of the folded paper to
the middle of the horizontal
line. Do the same with the
top right corner.
(a) (b)
Step 4: Fold the front paper
upwards along the horizontal
line. Then fold the back paper
backwards and upwards along the
horizontal line.
Show your classmates the hat you have made.
Wear your hats
and talk about how you made them.
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Paper hat 2
You will need: manila paper, scissors and glue
Step 1: Draw a large circle in
the middle of the paper.
Step 2: Divide the circle into
three equal segments.
Step 3: Decorate one of the
parts using a pattern of your
choice.Then cut out the part
you have decorated from the
circle.
Step 4: Fold the cutout paper
to create a cone. Use glue to
stick the edges together.
Show your classmates the hat you have made.
Remember
You can re-use old newspapers or old
manila paper.
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Paper hat 3
You will need: a sheet of manila paper, a small scrap of yellow
paper, a sheet of white paper, a paper plate, scissors, glue, black
paint and paint brush
Step 1: Cut out the bottom part of the paper plate. You will be
left with a ring of the paper plate.
Step 2: Paint the ring from step 1 black on both sides. The ring
will make the hat’s brim. Keep it aside to dry.
Step 3: Cut the black Manila paper in half so that you have two
long narrow strips.
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Step 4: Fold one of the narrow strips of the black paper
to make the main part of the hat.
Glue the edges together.
Insert the main part of the hat into the hat’s brim.
Step 5: Glue a white band around the hat just above the brim.
Add a small square piece of yellow paper where the two ends of
the band meet.
Step 6: Cut a circular piece of paper from the remaining black
paper from step 3.
Use a little glue to set the circular piece on top
of the hat.
Safety
Be careful when working with scissors
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Take home activity
Show your parents or guardians how to make paper hats.
Make paper hats for your birthday party.
Use different decorations to make your paper hats beautiful.
Use the paper hats for your birthday party.
Exercise 11
1. Name the materials you can use to make the following paper
hats.
A.
B.
2. Give two instances where we can use paper hats:
a) __________________________________
b) __________________________________
3. Colour the following hats.
A.
B.